rionaleonhart: final fantasy x-2: the sun is rising, yuna looks to the future. (let's go)
Riona ([personal profile] rionaleonhart) wrote2011-06-04 01:06 pm

Also A Fact: You Are My Favourite Person Right Now.

!!!

Dear whoever just anonymously bought me paid time: who are you? You are the best, that's who you are. Thank you so much! ♥!

I'd like to do something in return, but obviously as I don't know who you are I don't know what you'd like. What I've decided to do, therefore, is make a new Entry of Interesting Things (here is the one from last year, where I learnt, amongst other things, that eleven of the twelve men who've walked on the moon were in the Boy Scouts and it's legal to duel in Paraguay as long as both parties are registered blood donors). If people contribute, there should be something to interest you, kind anonymous person, and with any luck there should be things to interest everyone else as well.

Therefore!

Tell us something interesting in the comments of this entry. Multiple interesting things are, of course, more than welcome! And then you can read the other comments and learn new things and, assuming you like learning, it will be great.

Some starting facts for you:


- The 'lb' abbreviation for the pound stands for libra, which is Latin for 'scales' (as in the measuring device, hence the name of the astrological sign) and the name of an ancient Roman unit of mass, roughly three quarters of the modern pound.

- The shape of the ampersand (&) derives from that of the word 'et', Latin for 'and' (Wikipedia, that great fount of accuracy, has a visual comparison of ampersands through the ages).

- I don't have the book from which I learnt this with me (The Upside of Irrationality by Dan Ariely), so I'm afraid I can't tell you who actually performed this study, but here it is: if you place a rat in a box with a food-dispensing lever and then introduce a bowl of food, the rat won't just eat from the bowl, even though that takes less effort; at some point it'll go back to press the lever. Animals like to work for their food. This held true for every animal tested except cats, who cannot be bothered with that 'effort' business.

- From Kevin Dutton's Flipnosis: an experiment held by George Bizer at New York's Union College required participants to read mocked-up news reports about two fictitious political candidates, Rick and Chris, on opposite sides of the political spectrum. Half the participants had to choose between the statements 'I support Rick' and 'I oppose Rick', the other half between 'I support Chris' and 'I oppose Chris'. The groups then read a news report criticising their chosen candidate; let's take Chris as the example. The people who said 'I oppose Rick' were less likely to change their stance than the people who said 'I support Chris'. They were more reluctant to change their views purely because of the language in which they had been made to express those views. I think that's really interesting.


Any fields are welcome, from mathematics to linguistics to psychology to history to obscure references in videogames. Directing other people to this entry so we can get a wider pool of knowledge would get a hearty thumbs-up but is absolutely not compulsory. Let education commence!

[identity profile] ihavecake.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 12:37 pm (UTC)(link)
Interesting fact! Charlotte and Emily Brontë wrote RPF about Lord Byron and the Duke of Wellington.

(I learned this on the first day of my new job at the British Library, where they have the original notebooks. It is my favourite new fact.)

[identity profile] galaxysong9.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 05:54 pm (UTC)(link)
WHAT. I would give literally ANYTHING to read that.

(no subject)

[identity profile] ihavecake.livejournal.com - 2011-06-04 20:08 (UTC) - Expand

[identity profile] wanttobeatree.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 12:49 pm (UTC)(link)
Initially audiences found the Mormon Revenge part of A Study in Scarlet a lot more interesting than the Sherlock Holmes part. There was even a theatrical adaptation that wrote Holmes out completely. It took a while for the appeal of the genius detective who detects to catch on.

I posted this on my LJ the other day but it BEARS REPEATING: One time Oscar Wilde tried to get knee-length britches back into fashion and everyone was all 'Stop trying to make knee-length britches happen, Oscar! It's not going to happen!' and the gossip rags mocked him about for about it FOREVER AND EVER.

(Help help I have fallen into the late nineteenth century and I can't get up.)
Edited 2011-06-04 12:49 (UTC)

[identity profile] emmarrrrr.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 05:37 pm (UTC)(link)
...Really? This fact boggles me because I actually got told not to bother with the second half of A Study In Scarlet precisely because of the Mormon Revenge part.

[identity profile] lotus0kid.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 01:06 pm (UTC)(link)
Heh, and I just so happen to be reading a book made of interesting facts. Such as:

-The phrases "pay dirt," "pan out," "stake a claim," and "strike it rich" all come from the California Gold Rush.
-The word "jeans" is a corruption of Genoa, the Italian city that first wove the cloth. Also, "denim" comes from "serge de Nîmes," the French city.
-The reason Americans say stuff like "she went to the hospital" instead of "she went to hospital" is because of the massive influx of Irish immigrants, who had "the habit of attaching definite articles to conditions that previously lacked them."
-The longest place name in America is Nunathloogagamuitbingoi Dunes, Alaska.

[identity profile] apiphile.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 01:30 pm (UTC)(link)
The poetry form "pantoum" consists entirely of repeating lines; every line repeats twice.

A bell has vibrational nodes vertically and horizontally on the body, acting as thin circular "slices" which resonate at different frequencies depending on their width. This and the resonant chamber of the bell cause a much longer-lasting and "pure-sounding" tone than most idiophones (solid struck instruments).

[identity profile] th-esaurus.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 01:54 pm (UTC)(link)
The 'Ye' in 'Ye Olde Sweet Shoppe' etc originates from this letter:

Image

which was the early modern English sound th with a superscript e.
Edited 2011-06-04 13:57 (UTC)

[identity profile] y2jdingo.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 02:21 pm (UTC)(link)
Australia gets more snow cover than Switzerland.

The highest point in Australia was said to be Mount Kosciuszko, in the Snowy Mountains, before different measurements said a nearby Mount Townsend was higher. Being Aussie, the Lands Department just swapped the names of the mountains so the new Kosciuszko's still the highest.


-and human body ones, which my past-midnight brain posted in your other post...

There's enough iron in the 'average' human body to make a nail about 3 inches long.

Only about a third of people have 'perfect' 20/20 vision. Two thirds should ideally wear glasses or contacts.

A cremated human body weighs about 9 pounds/4 kilos.

[identity profile] clo.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 02:25 pm (UTC)(link)
If you take any random article on Wikipedia, click on the first link in the article text not in italics or parenthesis, and then repeat, you will eventually end up at "Philosophy".

(I stole this from http://xkcd.com but as far as I can tell, it works. It's brilliant.)

[identity profile] littlered2.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 02:47 pm (UTC)(link)
I tried it and got caught in a recurring loop.
ext_22136: Slytherin House badge with Prowling the Net as caption (Default)

[identity profile] ms-katonic.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 03:17 pm (UTC)(link)
The 'lb' abbreviation for the pound stands for libra, which is Latin for 'scales' (as in the measuring device, hence the name of the astrological sign) and the name of an ancient Roman unit of mass, roughly three quarters of the modern pound.

Related true fact! This is also the origin of the pound sign, which is a stylised letter L! See - £££££ vs LLLLL

[identity profile] chamekke.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 04:05 pm (UTC)(link)
There's an enormously popular Japanese good-luck charm that's in the shape of a golden poo. Here's an example:

Image

Why? The Japanese love wordplay. The product is called kin no unko. Un can mean either "poo" or "luck", depending on the Japanese character that's used. So: golden luck = golden poo.

If this amuses you, you can go to sites like Strapya (which sells mobile phone straps and accessories) and buy any number of golden poo-related goodies (http://www.strapya-world.com/index.php?main_page=advanced_search_result&search_in_description=1&keyword=golden+poo). You can even get a real 18K gold one (http://www.strapya-world.com/products/31706.html) for about $155.

Tokyo also boasts a building called the Asahi Beer Hall (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asahi_Beer_Hall). It's in the shape of a beer glass. On top is the Asahi Flame, a gold structure that (according to Wikipedia) is supposed to resemble both a frothy head of beer AND "the burning heart of Asahi beer".

Image

Naturally, everyone calls it the "golden poo" and the building itself is generally known as the "poo building" :-)

(no subject)

[identity profile] chamekke.livejournal.com - 2011-06-04 16:26 (UTC) - Expand

(no subject)

[identity profile] chamekke.livejournal.com - 2011-06-04 16:47 (UTC) - Expand

[identity profile] totaldrwhofreak.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 04:29 pm (UTC)(link)
Here are some things I learnt while watching Inside The Human Body on BBC2:

-Humans in the womb grow 8000 new brain cells every second
-Babies in the womb can see in black and white, as their eyes are sensitive enough to detect the dim light passing through their mother’s belly.
-The area of the brain devoted to balancing and coordinating the body contains as many cells as the rest of the brain put together.

[identity profile] totaldrwhofreak.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 04:43 pm (UTC)(link)
Oh also I learnt this yesterday:
"Pop a cap in your ass" was prison slang for anal sex until Tarantino misused it in Pulp Fiction. It then became slang for shooting someone.

Also for a satellite to be geostationary (i.e stay above the same place on earth) it has to be 35,786 km up

This is not really a proper fact, but if you press an arrow key while a youtube video is buffering you can play snake with the dots.

[identity profile] proleptic-fancy.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 04:32 pm (UTC)(link)
If you drive a galvanized nail and a screw into two pieces of identical wood (in the experiments it was pine, which is soft, but I suspect this would work with other woods as well) and pull them out the next day, it will take significantly more force to pull out the nail.

This is because galvanized nails typically have a very high surface roughness, whereas nails are deliberately textured, but along the texturing itself are pretty smooth. However, if you waited a year before pulling out the nails, the result would have been reversed. At least in the short-term, roughness is probably the highest-correlated factor with pull-out force, but over time the wood warps and adjusts itself around more prominent textures, making them harder to pull out as time passes.

Other engineering facts:

Stress and strain are two completely different measurements with completely different units and meanings. They can be plotted against each other to learn a lot about a material's properties, though.

Same with strength, toughness, resilience, and stiffness. Each of these terms measure a different property of a material. Strength is especially tricky since there are several different important strength values, and using ultimate strength (when a material breaks) instead of yield strength (when a material becomes irreversibly deformed) can lead to things like turbine blades ripping jet engines apart because they've been designed to undergo more stress than they can safely handle.
ext_132924: (Curious)

[identity profile] luna-manar.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 06:53 pm (UTC)(link)
This is fascinating. Can you link to a good information source on these topics so I can read more? (If not, I'll just Google)

(no subject)

[identity profile] luna-manar.livejournal.com - 2011-06-04 20:15 (UTC) - Expand

[identity profile] culf.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 04:51 pm (UTC)(link)
Here's two Sherlock ones for you:

J.M. Barrie and Arthur Conan Doyle once tried to write an opera together. It failed spectacularly, and to cheer ACD up, Barrie wrote about the two of them visiting 221B Baker Street so Sherlock Holmes could deduce why the opera failed.

Benedict Cumberbatch was once kidnapped by South African highway men. During the kidnapping he first had to ride on one kidnapper's lap, and was then locked in the boot of the car.

(no subject)

[identity profile] culf.livejournal.com - 2011-06-05 11:41 (UTC) - Expand

[identity profile] futuresoon.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 05:57 pm (UTC)(link)
A member of 4chan at one point worked for the localization team of I think it was Pokemon Diamond/Pearl--at one point, a mook in the game refers to you as a "noob". That is why.

The original Japanese names for the Eevee evolutions are all English words--Showers for Vaporeon, Thunders for Jolteon, Booster (?) for Flareon, etc. I think my favorite is "Blacky" for Umbreon. Because. Yeah.

Pokemon is the longest-running animated show to air in America--but not in Japan, where it's beaten to a pulp by Doraemon, a kids' show that is currently at over 1700 episodes and still going strong. And they say that one of the good points of anime is that it knows when to end...

[identity profile] kaatsu.livejournal.com 2011-06-05 06:20 am (UTC)(link)
I know this one! The Pokemon localisation guy is actually a member of SomethingAwful; he posts under the name Douglas Dinsdale. I remember this because he was responsible for the shorts line in Red/Blue, and made some NPC threaten you with "My Pokemon is fight! (http://www.somethingawful.com/booklist/index.htm)".

(no subject)

[identity profile] futuresoon.livejournal.com - 2011-06-05 06:25 (UTC) - Expand

[identity profile] cobecat.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 06:25 pm (UTC)(link)
Obscure language facts!

-In 1921, the League of Nations almost made Esperanto (an artificial language constructed mostly based on the grammar of Germanic and Romance languages) the official second language of the world...but France vetoed the resolution.

-In Japanese, an Asian language in the Japonic family, the word for "what" is pronounced "nani." In Swahili, an African language in the Niger-Congo family, the word for "what" is pronounced "nini"...and the word for "who" is pronounced "nani." These languages have no known connection that would explain a loanword or related vocabulary.

-the largest Welsh-speaking community outside of Wales is in the Chubut Province of Argentina, which was colonized by the Welsh in 1865 and remains a bi-lingual community to this day.

-Old Norse has a word that means "more," "harder," and "better." This significantly simplifies the decision of what to yell in bed.

[identity profile] reipan.livejournal.com 2011-06-05 01:18 pm (UTC)(link)
Isn't there some dispute over which linguistic family exactly Japanese belongs to? Some theorists link it with Finnish or Icelandic, although I can't remember exactly what they call it.
ext_132924: (Know-it-all)

[identity profile] luna-manar.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 06:50 pm (UTC)(link)
Fire ants make boats (http://www.washingtonpost.com/the-incredible-floating-fire-ant/2011/04/22/AFd3EbjE_story.html) out of their bodies, utilizing the surface tension of the water to support their weight and create air pockets to keep the bottom ants alive, to survive floods and cross bodies of water.

(no subject)

[identity profile] luna-manar.livejournal.com - 2011-06-04 20:03 (UTC) - Expand

[identity profile] dancesontrains.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 07:22 pm (UTC)(link)
My fursona is a cat *_*

Wait, that's not interesting. Actual fact: infamous outlaws in the 13th century were given the surname 'Robynhod' in records, so there was an actual 'Katherine Robynhod', which makes me oddly happy.

(From A Brief History of Robin Hood by Nigel Cawthorne).
Edited 2011-06-04 19:23 (UTC)

[identity profile] derryderrydown.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 08:03 pm (UTC)(link)
On a Juniper switch, if you type 'show version and haiku', it will tell you info about the switch in question and will also write you a haiku about networking.

An example:

TTL down one
the end nearer with each hop
little packet, poof.

I don't know how many there are but I've done this a lot and have never had a duplicate.
loz: (The IT Crowd (Roy/Moss))

[personal profile] loz 2011-06-04 08:27 pm (UTC)(link)
Oooh! This gives me the opportunity to share things I actually know through life stuff!

In Pitjantjatjara the word 'mama' means father. Mother is 'ngunytju', but kids today commonly say 'mummy'. As far as I have been able to ascertain, 'mama' has been in use for hundreds of years, long before contact with piranpa (whitefellas).

The word 'kangkuru' in Pitjantjatjara does not mean 'kangaroo' as one might think. It means sister. 'Kangaroo' is derived from an entirely different Indigenous Australian language. The "kangaroo meaning 'I don't know'" story is entirely apocryphal and based on the fact that white settlers/invaders probably asked people from different language groups. In Pitjantjatjara, the word for the animal kangaroo is 'malu'.

Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara are technically two different dialects of the same language (and they are closely related to other Western Desert Dialects, such as Luritja). It's like someone from Cornwall talking to someone from Manchester back before everyone heard every dialect on television. There will be some words the other won't understand due to pronunciation/local use, but, mostly there would be comprehension. The "pitjantja" "yankunytja" bits are there to define the main different between the languages: both words are derived from pitjantja, yankunyta respectively, meaning 'going/coming'.

However, don't ever say this to someone who identifies as Yankunytjatjara, because as far as they are concerned, Yankunytjatjara is an entirely separate language that is being taken over by Pitjantjatjara (which is, actually, mostly true, annoyingly.)

Pitjantjatjara is one of only 17 Indigenous Australian languages that is still spoken fluently --- out of an original 270+ before white invasion. And it consists of a lot of borrowed words from English. Ps and bs are pronounced/heard similarly in the language (which leads to MUCH AMUSEMENT for students when I read a story that contains the word 'nibble'.) Hence the word for boot is 'puuta'.

Other words you may recognise: kapati (kuh-puh-tee), which means recess or break. Derived from 'cup of tea'; tjiipi, which means sheep, puluka (boo-loo-ka), meaning bullock/cow.

Last one: while Pitjantjatjara is mostly said exactly as it's written, one notable exception is "Pitjantjatjara" itself, in which one of the syllables gets swallowed. Most people pronounce it 'pitjantjara'.
Edited 2011-06-04 20:31 (UTC)

[identity profile] proleptic-fancy.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 08:28 pm (UTC)(link)
On the constant battle of science vs marketing:

Passenger airplanes were originally built with square windows like a house. These airplanes had a tendency to break apart mid-flight. This is because stress in a structure will concentrate at any hole or crack in that structure. The smaller the radius of curvature of the hole, the higher the stress, tending towards infinity, so the stress on a square window corner was an order of magnitude higher than that in the rest of the fuselage.

The safest shape for airplane windows (if there must be windows at all—any hole will increase the stress to some extent) is actually an ellipse, but the strangeness turned off passengers. The rounded-corner windows we typically see today are a compromise between safety and marketing.

A more mundane example is plastic grocery bags. They look flimsy as it is, but they are manufactured by pulling the plastic fibers in the direction of load until the fibers "lock," which makes the bag incredibly strong in the direction of the fibers, but very weak along the other two axes.

Plastic bags could be noticeably thinner and work just as effectively, but customers opposed the more efficient models as they looked too flimsy to carry anything.

[identity profile] yumiboo.livejournal.com 2011-06-04 09:15 pm (UTC)(link)
I have found something of interest out today, however it is nothing smart or academic; just personal stuff.

My dad has an online olive store. I wish I was joking (http://www.theolivestore.co.uk/index.php?sectionid=2).

EDIT: I feel I should also add - much love for the appreciation of my last interesting fact :)
Edited 2011-06-04 21:16 (UTC)

[identity profile] nightfire-kvala.livejournal.com 2011-06-05 12:34 am (UTC)(link)
Lonesome George, the last individual of the Pinta Island Tortoises in the Galapagos is most closely related to the tortoises of Espanola and San Cristobal; which lay almost 300 km away, rather than the neighbouring island of Isabela (see map) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Galapagos_tortoise_distribution_map.svg).

There are over 10,000 animal species currently considered 'endangered'. Adding plant species would double that number. (according to wikipedia, around 2000 of them are in North America)

And on a slightly less depressing not; did you know that a group of unicorns are called a "blessing"?

[identity profile] faeries-bite.livejournal.com 2011-06-05 12:06 pm (UTC)(link)
About 200 years ago in Sri Lanka, the prevalent currency was a small bar of metal.

Before Mao embarked on a policy of language reform in China during the 1960s, pronunciation could vary so much across provinces that those from Northern provinces could not communicate verbally with those from the South.

[identity profile] reipan.livejournal.com 2011-06-05 01:28 pm (UTC)(link)
During the American occupation of Japan they tried to eradicate kanji from the language. The kanji in common use today come from a government-approved list released in 1981, although some purists will still only write characters in their old forms.

MSG (monosodium glutamate, now also known as umami was invented by Ikeda Kikunai in 1908, as he was searching for the "essence of savoury-ness" to add to meals which were composed from leftovers and served to factory workers who couldn't afford meals elsewhere but needed a high caloric intake.

The first dissection in Japan was performed in the late Tokugawa period by a man named Sugita Genpaku; he obtained the body of a woman who had been executed and had to get the executioner to perform the dissection for him, because his rank was too high for him to be allowed to touch dead bodies.


(Hey, guess which exam I've next got coming up?)

[identity profile] mad-lemming-89.livejournal.com 2011-06-05 05:40 pm (UTC)(link)
Oooh, so many interesting facts! :D Let's see if I can dredge up anything from my brain to contribute.

* A collection of butterflies is officially known as "a kaleidoscope of butterflies".

* A baby platypus is called a puggle, which to be honest is just adorable.

* There is a house in California called The Winchester Mystery House. It was built by Sarah Winchester, the wife of William Winchester who ran the Winchester rifle business. After he and their two daughters died, she became convinced that the family was cursed and being haunted by the ghosts of all those who had been killed by Winchester rifles, so she took to modifying their mansion in order to confuse the ghosts. There are stairways to nowhere, fake bathrooms, and windows inside the building. She was also obsessed with the number 13 and had a 12 candle chandelier specially customised to fit 13 candles. I honestly can't describe how bizarre this house really is, so I definitely recommend a Google search.

[identity profile] shark-hat.livejournal.com 2011-06-06 12:35 pm (UTC)(link)
Birds still have the ability to grow teeth, it's just been turned off for millions of years.
Evolutionary biology is cool. (http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=mutant-chicken-grows-alli)

Page 1 of 2